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【dz-967】基于单片机的家居环境监测系统设计与实现

news 2026/6/29 2:57:23

摘要

随着人们对居住安全性和舒适度要求的不断提高，家居环境的智能化监测与管理成为现代生活的重要需求。传统的家居环境管理多依赖人工巡查，存在安全预警滞后、环境调节不及时等问题，难以满足人们对高效、便捷、安全家居生活的追求。

基于 STM32F103C8T6 单片机的家居环境监测系统，整合了 D203S 人体热释电传感器、KY-003 霍尔传感器（2 个）、SY 声音监测模块、DHT11 温湿度传感器、MQ-135 空气质量传感器、5516 光照检测模块、OLED 显示屏、按键及执行设备（声光报警器、通风设备、照明灯、AIR7804G 模块），实现了家居环境的全方位监测与智能控制。系统核心功能包括：通过 D203S 人体热释电传感器监测环境是否有人，布防状态下检测到有人时触发声光报警，并通过 AIR7804G 模块发送短信提醒；利用 2 个 KY-003 霍尔传感器分别监测门窗开关状态，布防时门窗打开则启动声光报警和短信提醒；通过 SY 声音监测模块检测环境声音，当声音大于最大值时进行声光报警和短信提醒；借助 DHT11 监测温湿度，温度或湿度过高时自动打开通风设备；通过 MQ-135 监测空气质量，超过最大值时自动启动通风；利用 5516 光照检测模块感知光照强度，光照较暗时自动开灯；通过 OLED 显示屏实时显示各项监测数据；支持通过按键进行布防撤防、设置声音、温湿度、空气质量、光照等参数的最大值，以及控制通风和照明灯的开关。

该系统的实现，有效提升了家居环境监测的自动化与智能化水平，增强了家居安全性，提高了居住舒适度，为智能家居系统的构建提供了实用且可靠的解决方案，具有较高的实际应用价值。

关键词：STM32F103C8T6；家居环境；监测系统；传感器；智能控制；短信提醒

ABSTRACT

With the continuous improvement of people's requirements for living safety and comfort, intelligent monitoring and management of home environments have become an important demand in modern life. Traditional home environment management mostly relies on manual inspections, which has problems such as delayed safety warnings and untimely environmental adjustments, making it difficult to meet people's pursuit of efficient, convenient and safe home life.

The home environment monitoring system based on the STM32F103C8T6 microcontroller integrates D203S human pyroelectric sensor, 2 KY-003 Hall sensors, SY sound monitoring module, DHT11 temperature and humidity sensor, MQ-135 air quality sensor, 5516 light detection module, OLED display, buttons and executive devices (acousto-optic alarm, ventilation equipment, lighting, AIR7804G module) to realize all-round monitoring and intelligent control of the home environment. The core functions of the system include: monitoring whether there is anyone in the environment through the D203S human pyroelectric sensor, triggering an acousto-optic alarm when someone is detected in the armed state, and sending a text message reminder through the AIR7804G module; using 2 KY-003 Hall sensors to monitor the opening and closing status of doors and windows respectively, and when the doors and windows are opened in the armed state, the acousto-optic alarm and text message reminder are activated; detecting environmental sound through the SY sound monitoring module, and giving an acousto-optic alarm and text message reminder when the sound is greater than the maximum value; monitoring temperature and humidity with DHT11, and automatically turning on ventilation equipment when the temperature or humidity is too high; monitoring air quality through MQ-135, and automatically starting ventilation when it exceeds the maximum value; using the 5516 light detection module to sense light intensity, and automatically turning on the lights when the light is dark; real-time display of various monitoring data through the OLED display; supporting arming and disarming through buttons, setting the maximum values of parameters such as sound, temperature and humidity, air quality, and light, as well as controlling the on/off of ventilation and lighting.

The implementation of this system effectively improves the automation and intelligence level of home environment monitoring, enhances home safety, improves living comfort, provides a practical and reliable solution for the construction of smart home systems, and has high practical application value.

Keywords:STM32F103C8T6; Home environment; Monitoring system; Sensor; Intelligent control; SMS reminder

第 1 章绪论

1.1 研究的目的及意义

1.2 国内外发展情况

1.3 本文主要研究内容

第2章设计思路与方案论证

2.1 主要元器件选择

2.1.1 主控芯片选择

2.1.2 人体热释电传感器选择

2.1.3 霍尔传感器选择

2.1.4 声音监测模块选择

2.1.5 温湿度传感器选择