Python 之程序截图的几种方式（含chromedriver下载链接）

各个版本的谷歌 chromedirver 链接

国内镜像地址：https://registry.npmmirror.com/binary.html?path=chrome-for-testing/

pywin32 + PyQt5

需要先 pip 安装 pywin32、PyQt5 ，相关依赖 pip 会自动安装。

pip install pywin32 pip install PyQt5

下面这种方式比较强悍，可以根据活跃窗口的 title 名称，自动找到对应的窗口然后进行截图。

import sys import win32gui from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication class Window(object): def __init__(self, hwnd): self.hwnd = hwnd self.window_title = win32gui.GetWindowText(hwnd) self.window_class_name = win32gui.GetClassName(hwnd) self.window_rect = win32gui.GetWindowRect(hwnd) def __str__(self): return f"hwnd: {self.hwnd}, window_title: {self.window_title}, window_class_name: {self.window_class_name}, window_rect: {self.window_rect}" class WindowsHandler(object): def __init__(self): self.current_windows = [] self._init_all_windows() def _init_all_windows(self): win32gui.EnumWindows(self._get_window, 0) def _get_window(self, hwnd, nouse): if win32gui.IsWindow(hwnd) and win32gui.IsWindowEnabled(hwnd) and win32gui.IsWindowVisible(hwnd): self.current_windows.append(Window(hwnd)) def get_windows_by_title(self, title_name): return [window for window in self.current_windows if title_name in window.window_title] def screenshot_window_byPyQt(self, window: Window, img_save_path): app = QApplication(sys.argv) screen = QApplication.primaryScreen() img = screen.grabWindow(window.hwnd).toImage() img.save(img_save_path) if __name__ == '__main__': wh = WindowsHandler() windows = wh.get_windows_by_title("Looooking") if windows: window = windows[0] print(window) wh.screenshot_window_byPyQt(window, "./test.png")

pygetwindow + PIL

这种方式需要向激活窗口，让窗口处于最顶端然后进行截图。

import pygetwindow as gw from PIL import ImageGrab if __name__ == '__main__': windows = gw.getWindowsWithTitle("Looooking") for window in windows: print(window) window.activate() # 激活窗口，将窗口置顶 box = window._getWindowRect() screenshot = ImageGrab.grab(box) screenshot.save('test.png') # 保存截图到文件 break

pyautogui

安装好 pyautogui 库就好了，这个库主要用于鼠标键盘模拟操作，当然屏幕截图也是手到擒来。

只不过这种方式除了全屏截图之外，其他只能使用像素点去截图，而且只能截取置顶的界面。

import pyautogui if __name__ == '__main__': screenshot = pyautogui.screenshot() # 截全屏 screenshot.save("full.png") # screenshot = pyautogui.screenshot(region=(100, 100, 500, 500)) # 截图指定区域部分 # screenshot.save("part.png") windows = pyautogui.getWindowsWithTitle("Looooking") for window in windows: window.activate() screenshot = pyautogui.screenshot(region=window._getWindowRect()) screenshot.save("part.png") break

selenium

chromedriver（114 及以前的旧版）: CNPM Binaries Mirror

chromedriver（115 及之后的新版）：https://www.cnblogs.com/aiyablog/articles/17948703

还可以使用 selenium 对打开的浏览器窗口截图，selenium可以将打开的页面进行截图，但是无法截取url等更大的范围。

from selenium import webdriver from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC if __name__ == '__main__': options = webdriver.ChromeOptions() service = webdriver.ChromeService(executable_path=r"./driver/chromedriver.exe") driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options, service=service) driver.implicitly_wait(3) driver.maximize_window() driver.get('https://www.baidu.com/s') xpath_input = '//*[@id="kw"]' # 搜索框 xpath_search = '//*[@id="su"]' # 搜索按钮 ele_input = driver.find_element(By.XPATH, xpath_input) ele_input.clear() ele_input.send_keys("百度") driver.find_element(By.XPATH, xpath_search).click() WebDriverWait(driver, 3).until(EC.presence_of_all_elements_located((By.XPATH, '//*[@id="page"]/div/strong/span'))) driver.save_screenshot("./test.png") driver.quit()