ADB 使用使用详解

ADB 使用

1.1. 前言

ADB，全称 Android Debug Bridge，是 Android 的命令行调试工具，可以完成多种功能，如跟踪系统日志，上传下载文件，安装应用等。

1.2. 准备连接

一般情况下adb是默认开启的，如果没有开启请执行以下步骤：

ROC-RK3399-PC用Type-C数据线连接设备和主机; 根据当前Android版本勾选对应路径下的Connect to PC Android7.1、Android8.1 选择 Setting -> USB，然后勾选 Connect to PC Android10.0 选择 Setting -> Connected devices 然后勾选 Connect to PC 基于你的系统安装 adb 驱动和命令。

当设备端状态栏提示 USB debugging connected 时，便可进行调试：

adb devices adb shell

注意:ROC-RK3399-PC供电和调试接口都是Type-C0接口。通过接电脑usb供电时，由于电流过小，开发板无法带起部分外设导致启动异常，所以调试前最好先断开所有外设。

1.3. 网络 ADB

设置 -> 开发者选项 -> 网络 ADB 调试

查看开发板 IP 地址，PC 端通过网络访问：

adb connect + IP adb shell

1.4. Windows下的 ADB 安装

首先参照安装 RK USB 驱动一节安装好驱动。

然后到 http://www.t-firefly.com/share/index/index/id/6afafdf7c54b8eb95e81156d94e54db5.html 下载 adb.zip，解压到 C:\adb 以方便调用。

打开命令行窗口，输入：

cd C:\adb adb shell

如果一切正常，就可以进入 adb shell，在设备上面运行命令。

1.5. Ubuntu 下的 ADB 安装

安装 ADB 工具：

sudo apt-get install android-tools-adb

加入设备标识：

mkdir -p ~/.android vi ~/.android/adb_usb.ini # 添加以下一行 0x2207 加入 udev 规则： sudo vi /etc/udev/rules.d/51-android.rules

# 添加以下一行： SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="2207", MODE="0666"

重新插拔 USB 线，或运行以下命令，让 udev 规则生效：

sudo udevadm control --reload-rules sudo udevadm trigger

重新启动 ADB 服务器

sudo adb kill-server adb start-server

1.6. 常用 ADB 命令

1.6.1. 连接管理

列出所有连接设备及其序列号：

adb devices

如果有多个连接设备，则需要使用序列号来区分：

export ANDROID_SERIAL=<设备序列号> adb shell ls

多设备下连接指定设备

adb -s 序列号 shell

可以通过网络来连接 ADB：

# 让设备端的 adbd 重启，并在 TCP 端口 5555 处监听 adb tcpip 5555 # 此时可以断开 USB 连接 # 远程连接设备，设备的 IP 地址是 192.168.1.100 adb connect 192.168.1.100:5555 # 断开连接 adb disconnect 192.168.1.100:5555

1.7. 调试

1.7.1. 获取系统日志 adb logcat

用法

adb logcat [选项] [应用标签]

示例

# 查看全部日志 adb logcat # 仅查看部分日志 adb logcat -s WifiStateMachine StateMachine

1.7.2. 运行命令 adb shell

1.7.2.1. 获取详细运行信息 adb bugreport

adb bugreport 用于错误报告，里面包含大量有用的信息。 示例 adb bugreport # 保存到本地，方便用编辑器查看 adb bugreport >bugreport.txt

1.7.3. root 权限

如果 TARGET_BUILD_VARIANT 使用的是 userdebug 模式，要获得 root 权限，需要先运行：

adb root

让 ADB 的设备端切换到 root 权限模式，这样 adb remount 等需要 root 权限的命令才会成功。

1.8. 应用管理

1.8.1. 安装应用 adb install

用法：

adb install [选项] 应用包.apk 选项包括： -l forward-lock -r 重新安装应用，保留原先数据 -s 安装到 SD 卡上，而不是内部存储

示例：

# 安装 facebook.apk adb install facebook.apk # 升级 twitter.apk adb install -r twitter.apk 如果安装成功，工具会返回成功提示 Success；失败的话，一般是以下几种情况: INSTALL_FAILED_ALREADY_EXISTS: 此时需要用 -r 参数来重新安装。 INSTALL_FAILED_SIGNATURE_ERROR: 应用的签名不一致，可能是发布版和调试版签名不同所致。如果确认 APK 文件签名正常，可以用 adb uninstall 命令先卸载旧的应用，然后再安装。 INSTALL_FAILED_INSUFFICIENT_STORAGE: 存储空间不足，需要检查设备存储情况。

1.8.2. 卸载应用 adb uninstall

用法：

adb uninstall 应用包名称

示例：

adb uninstall com.android.chrome 应用包名称可以用以下命令列出： adb shell pm list packages -f 运行结果是： package:/system/app/Bluetooth.apk=com.android.bluetooth 前面是 apk 文件，后面则是对应的包名称。

1.8.3. 命令行帮助信息 adb help

Android Debug Bridge version 1.0.31 -a - directs adb to listen on all interfaces for a connection -d - directs command to the only connected USB device returns an error if more than one USB device is present. -e - directs command to the only running emulator. returns an error if more than one emulator is running. -s <specific device> - directs command to the device or emulator with the given serial number or qualifier. Overrides ANDROID_SERIAL environment variable. -p <product name or path> - simple product name like 'sooner', or a relative/absolute path to a product out directory like 'out/target/product/sooner'. If -p is not specified, the ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT environment variable is used, which must be an absolute path. -H - Name of adb server host (default: localhost) -P - Port of adb server (default: 5037) devices [-l] - list all connected devices ('-l' will also list device qualifiers) connect <host>[:<port>] - connect to a device via TCP/IP Port 5555 is used by default if no port number is specified. disconnect [<host>[:<port>]] - disconnect from a TCP/IP device. Port 5555 is used by default if no port number is specified. Using this command with no additional arguments will disconnect from all connected TCP/IP devices. device commands: adb push [-p] <local> <remote> - copy file/dir to device ('-p' to display the transfer progress) adb pull [-p] [-a] <remote> [<local>] - copy file/dir from device ('-p' to display the transfer progress) ('-a' means copy timestamp and mode) adb sync [ <directory> ] - copy host->device only if changed (-l means list but don't copy) (see 'adb help all') adb shell - run remote shell interactively adb shell <command> - run remote shell command adb emu <command> - run emulator console command adb logcat [ <filter-spec> ] - View device log adb forward --list - list all forward socket connections. the format is a list of lines with the following format: <serial> " " <local> " " <remote> "\n" adb forward <local> <remote> - forward socket connections forward specs are one of: tcp:<port> localabstract:<unix domain socket name> localreserved:<unix domain socket name> localfilesystem:<unix domain socket name> dev:<character device name> jdwp:<process pid> (remote only) adb forward --no-rebind <local> <remote> - same as 'adb forward <local> <remote>' but fails if <local> is already forwarded adb forward --remove <local> - remove a specific forward socket connection adb forward --remove-all - remove all forward socket connections adb jdwp - list PIDs of processes hosting a JDWP transport adb install [-l] [-r] [-d] [-s] [--algo <algorithm name> --key <hex-encoded key> --iv <hex-encoded iv>] <file> - push this package file to the device and install it ('-l' means forward-lock the app) ('-r' means reinstall the app, keeping its data) ('-d' means allow version code downgrade) ('-s' means install on SD card instead of internal storage) ('--algo', '--key', and '--iv' mean the file is encrypted already) adb uninstall [-k] <package> - remove this app package from the device ('-k' means keep the data and cache directories) adb bugreport - return all information from the device that should be included in a bug report. adb backup [-f <file>] [-apk|-noapk] [-obb|-noobb] [-shared|-noshared] [-all] [-system|-nosystem] [<packages...>] - write an archive of the device's data to <file>. If no -f option is supplied then the data is written to "backup.ab" in the current directory. (-apk|-noapk enable/disable backup of the .apks themselves in the archive; the default is noapk.) (-obb|-noobb enable/disable backup of any installed apk expansion (aka .obb) files associated with each application; the default is noobb.) (-shared|-noshared enable/disable backup of the device's shared storage / SD card contents; the default is noshared.) (-all means to back up all installed applications) (-system|-nosystem toggles whether -all automatically includes system applications; the default is to include system apps) (<packages...> is the list of applications to be backed up. If the -all or -shared flags are passed, then the package list is optional. Applications explicitly given on the command line will be included even if -nosystem would ordinarily cause them to be omitted.) adb restore <file> - restore device contents from the <file> backup archive adb help - show this help message adb version - show version num scripting: adb wait-for-device - block until device is online adb start-server - ensure that there is a server running adb kill-server - kill the server if it is running adb get-state - prints: offline | bootloader | device adb get-serialno - prints: <serial-number> adb get-devpath - prints: <device-path> adb status-window - continuously print device status for a specified device adb remount - remounts the /system partition on the device read-write adb reboot [bootloader|recovery] - reboots the device, optionally into the bootloader or recovery program adb reboot-bootloader - reboots the device into the bootloader adb root - restarts the adbd daemon with root permissions adb usb - restarts the adbd daemon listening on USB adb tcpip <port> - restarts the adbd daemon listening on TCP on the specified port networking: adb ppp <tty> [parameters] - Run PPP over USB. Note: you should not automatically start a PPP connection. <tty> refers to the tty for PPP stream. Eg. dev:/dev/omap_csmi_tty1 [parameters] - Eg. defaultroute debug dump local notty usepeerdns adb sync notes: adb sync [ <directory> ] <localdir> can be interpreted in several ways: - If <directory> is not specified, both /system and /data partitions will be updated. - If it is "system" or "data", only the corresponding partition is updated. environmental variables: ADB_TRACE - Print debug information. A comma separated list of the following values 1 or all, adb, sockets, packets, rwx, usb, sync, sysdeps, transport, jdwp ANDROID_SERIAL - The serial number to connect to. -s takes priority over this if given. ANDROID_LOG_TAGS - When used with the logcat option, only these debug tags are printed.