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【dz-1145】基于单片机的热水器设计

news 2026/8/8 10:56:25

摘要

随着人们生活水平的提高，热水器已成为家庭生活中不可或缺的电器，其水温与水位的精准控制直接影响使用体验与安全性。传统热水器多依赖人工操作，存在水温调节不精准、水位监测滞后、能耗较高等问题，难以满足智能化、便捷化的生活需求。

基于 STM32F103C8T6 单片机的热水器设计，整合了防水式 DS18B20 温度传感器、两个 YT-C 水位触发模块、声光报警装置、3 个独立按键、OLED 显示屏、ECB02 蓝牙模块、加热装置、加水装置、抽水继电器及太阳能供电系统（太阳能板、锂电池），实现了热水器水温与水位的自动化监测及智能控制。系统核心功能包括：通过 DS18B20 采集水温，当水温低于设置最小值时启动加热，直至达到最大值，水温高于最大值时触发声光报警；通过 YT-C 模块检测水位，低于最低值时进行声光报警并自动加水至最高值；当水温不低于设置最小值且水位不低于设置最低值时，启动热水器，通过抽水继电器正常供水，否则停止供水；水位过低时禁止加热；支持通过 3 个独立按键设置各阈值、手动控制加热或加水；通过 OLED 显示屏实时显示水温、水位、设备状态等数据；利用 ECB02 蓝牙模块将数据发送至手机端，实现远程监测及加热、加水控制。

该系统的实现，有效提升了热水器的智能化与自动化水平，保障了水温与水位的稳定，增强了使用安全性与便捷性，同时结合太阳能供电降低了能耗，为家庭热水供应提供了高效、节能的解决方案，具有一定的实际应用价值。

关键词：STM32F103C8T6；热水器；温度控制；水位监测；蓝牙通信；太阳能供电

ABSTRACT

With the improvement of people's living standards, water heaters have become an indispensable electrical appliance in family life. The precise control of water temperature and water level directly affects the user experience and safety. Traditional water heaters mostly rely on manual operation, with problems such as inaccurate water temperature adjustment, delayed water level monitoring, and high energy consumption, which are difficult to meet the needs of intelligent and convenient life.

The water heater design based on the STM32F103C8T6 microcontroller integrates waterproof DS18B20 temperature sensor, two YT-C water level trigger modules, sound and light alarm device, 3 independent buttons, OLED display, ECB02 Bluetooth module, heating device, water adding device, water pumping relay and solar power supply system (solar panel, lithium battery), realizing automatic monitoring and intelligent control of water temperature and water level of the water heater. The core functions of the system include: collecting water temperature through DS18B20, starting heating when the water temperature is lower than the set minimum value until it reaches the maximum value, and triggering sound and light alarm when the water temperature is higher than the maximum value; detecting the water level through YT-C module, giving an audible and visual alarm when it is lower than the minimum value and automatically adding water to the maximum value; when the water temperature is not lower than the set minimum value and the water level is not lower than the set minimum value, start the water heater and supply water normally through the water pumping relay, otherwise stop the water supply; prohibit heating when the water level is too low; support setting various thresholds through 3 independent buttons, manually controlling heating or adding water; real-time display of water temperature, water level, equipment status and other data through OLED display; use ECB02 Bluetooth module to send data to the mobile phone to realize remote monitoring and control of heating and water adding.

The implementation of this system effectively improves the intelligence and automation level of the water heater, ensures the stability of water temperature and water level, enhances the safety and convenience of use, and reduces energy consumption by combining solar power supply. It provides an efficient and energy-saving solution for domestic hot water supply and has certain practical application value.

Keywords:STM32F103C8T6; Water heater; Temperature control; Water level monitoring; Bluetooth communication; Solar power supply

第 1 章绪论

1.1 研究的目的及意义

1.2 国内外发展情况

1.3 本文主要研究内容

第2章设计思路与方案论证

2.1 主要元器件选择

2.1.1 主控芯片选择

2.1.2 温度传感器选择

2.1.3 水位触发模块选择

2.1.4 声光报警模块选择

2.1.5 按键模块选择