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进程管道通讯-伪终端方式

news 2026/7/30 4:11:34

传统CreateProcess传递StdIN StdOUT 管道方式存在进程输出不能及时刷管道问题导致ReadFile阻塞，传统解决方法是子进程强制进行fflush(stdout), 如果不能改变子进程，就没办法了

从win10开始 windows支持伪终端，可以完全模拟终端管道的行为，

传统管道crt会使用GetFileType检测STDHANDLE ，对于控制台调用检测到的是字符设备，而对于改变后的STDHANDLE 检测到的是管道设备，对发现管道设备时，缓冲方式就变成了块缓冲方式，遇到换行符也不会及时flush，这就导致预期输出不能直接被ReadFile读取到，

Win10上的伪终端方式接管进程输入输出代码

//Kernel32.dll #ifndef PROC_THREAD_ATTRIBUTE_PSEUDOCONSOLE #define PROC_THREAD_ATTRIBUTE_PSEUDOCONSOLE 0x20016 #endif typedef HRESULT(WINAPI* PFN_CreatePseudoConsole)( _In_ COORD size, _In_ HANDLE hInput, _In_ HANDLE hOutput, _In_ DWORD dwFlags, _Out_ HPCON* phPC ); HRESULT MyCreatePseudoConsole( _In_ COORD size, _In_ HANDLE hInput, _In_ HANDLE hOutput, _In_ DWORD dwFlags, _Out_ HPCON* phPC ) { static PFN_CreatePseudoConsole fn = (PFN_CreatePseudoConsole)::GetProcAddress(GetModuleHandle(L"Kernel32.dll"), "CreatePseudoConsole"); if (fn) return fn(size, hInput, hOutput, dwFlags, phPC); return E_FAIL; } typedef BOOL(WINAPI* PFN_InitializeProcThreadAttributeList)( LPPROC_THREAD_ATTRIBUTE_LIST lpAttributeList, DWORD dwAttributeCount, DWORD dwFlags, PSIZE_T lpSize ); BOOL MyInitializeProcThreadAttributeList( LPPROC_THREAD_ATTRIBUTE_LIST lpAttributeList, DWORD dwAttributeCount, DWORD dwFlags, PSIZE_T lpSize ) { static PFN_InitializeProcThreadAttributeList fn = (PFN_InitializeProcThreadAttributeList)::GetProcAddress(GetModuleHandle(L"Kernel32.dll"), "InitializeProcThreadAttributeList"); if (fn) return fn(lpAttributeList, dwAttributeCount, dwFlags, lpSize); return 0; } typedef BOOL(WINAPI* PFN_UpdateProcThreadAttribute)( LPPROC_THREAD_ATTRIBUTE_LIST lpAttributeList, DWORD dwFlags, DWORD_PTR Attribute, PVOID lpValue, SIZE_T cbSize, PVOID lpPreviousValue, PSIZE_T lpReturnSize ); BOOL MyUpdateProcThreadAttribute( LPPROC_THREAD_ATTRIBUTE_LIST lpAttributeList, DWORD dwFlags, DWORD_PTR Attribute, PVOID lpValue, SIZE_T cbSize, PVOID lpPreviousValue, PSIZE_T lpReturnSize ) { static PFN_UpdateProcThreadAttribute fn = (PFN_UpdateProcThreadAttribute)::GetProcAddress(GetModuleHandle(L"Kernel32.dll"), "UpdateProcThreadAttribute"); if (fn) return fn(lpAttributeList, dwFlags, Attribute, lpValue, cbSize, lpPreviousValue, lpReturnSize); return 0; } typedef void(WINAPI* PFN_ClosePseudoConsole)(_In_ HPCON hPC); void MyClosePseudoConsole(_In_ HPCON hPC) { static PFN_ClosePseudoConsole fn = (PFN_ClosePseudoConsole)::GetProcAddress(GetModuleHandle(L"Kernel32.dll"), "ClosePseudoConsole"); if (fn) fn(hPC); } typedef VOID(WINAPI*PFN_DeleteProcThreadAttributeList)( LPPROC_THREAD_ATTRIBUTE_LIST lpAttributeList ); VOID MyDeleteProcThreadAttributeList( LPPROC_THREAD_ATTRIBUTE_LIST lpAttributeList ) { static PFN_DeleteProcThreadAttributeList fn = (PFN_DeleteProcThreadAttributeList)::GetProcAddress(GetModuleHandle(L"Kernel32.dll"), "DeleteProcThreadAttributeList"); if (fn) fn(lpAttributeList); } typedef struct _MySTARTUPINFOEXW { STARTUPINFOW StartupInfo; LPPROC_THREAD_ATTRIBUTE_LIST lpAttributeList; } MySTARTUPINFOEXW; BidirectionalPipe::~BidirectionalPipe() { Cleanup(); } bool BidirectionalPipe::StartProcess(bool bPsConsole, const std::wstring & command) { SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES sa = { 0 }; sa.nLength = sizeof(SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES); sa.bInheritHandle = TRUE; sa.lpSecurityDescriptor = NULL; // 创建输入管道（父进程写，子进程读） if (!CreatePipe(&m_hChildStdinRead, &m_hParentWrite, &sa, 0)) { Cleanup(); return false; } // 创建输出管道（父进程读，子进程写） if (!CreatePipe(&m_hParentRead, &m_hChildStdoutWrite, &sa, 0)) { Cleanup(); return false; } if (bPsConsole) { // 2. 创建伪控制台 (ConPTY) COORD consoleSize = { 80, 25 }; // 初始控制台大小 HRESULT hr = MyCreatePseudoConsole(consoleSize, m_hChildStdinRead, m_hChildStdoutWrite, 0, &m_hPC); if (FAILED(hr)) { Cleanup(); return false; } } // 3. 准备 STARTUPINFOEXW 结构体 MySTARTUPINFOEXW si = { 0 }; if (bPsConsole) { si.StartupInfo.cb = sizeof(MySTARTUPINFOEXW); } else { si.StartupInfo.cb = sizeof(STARTUPINFOW); } si.StartupInfo.dwFlags = STARTF_USESTDHANDLES; if (bPsConsole) { // 关键：将 ConPTY 句柄附加到 StartupInfo SIZE_T size = 0; MyInitializeProcThreadAttributeList(NULL, 1, 0, &size); m_lpAttributeList = (LPPROC_THREAD_ATTRIBUTE_LIST)HeapAlloc(GetProcessHeap(), 0, size); MyInitializeProcThreadAttributeList(m_lpAttributeList, 1, 0, &size); MyUpdateProcThreadAttribute(m_lpAttributeList, 0, PROC_THREAD_ATTRIBUTE_PSEUDOCONSOLE, m_hPC, sizeof(HPCON), NULL, NULL); si.lpAttributeList = m_lpAttributeList; si.StartupInfo.wShowWindow = SW_HIDE; si.StartupInfo.dwFlags = STARTF_USESHOWWINDOW | STARTF_USESTDHANDLES; } else { si.StartupInfo.wShowWindow = SW_HIDE; si.StartupInfo.dwFlags = STARTF_USESHOWWINDOW | STARTF_USESTDHANDLES; si.StartupInfo.hStdError = m_hChildStdoutWrite; si.StartupInfo.hStdOutput = m_hChildStdoutWrite; si.StartupInfo.hStdInput = m_hChildStdinRead; } // 启动进程 if (!CreateProcessW(NULL, const_cast<wchar_t*>(command.c_str()), NULL, NULL, bPsConsole ? FALSE : TRUE, bPsConsole ? EXTENDED_STARTUPINFO_PRESENT : 0, NULL, NULL, &si.StartupInfo, &m_pi)) { Cleanup(); return false; } // 【至关重要】：CreateProcess 成功后，父进程必须关闭它不需要的管道句柄！ // 否则 ReadFile 永远不会收到 EOF，导致卡死。 if (m_hChildStdinRead) { CloseHandle(m_hChildStdinRead); m_hChildStdinRead = 0; } if (m_hChildStdoutWrite) { CloseHandle(m_hChildStdoutWrite); m_hChildStdoutWrite = 0; } return true; } void BidirectionalPipe::WriteInput(const std::string & input) { if (m_hParentWrite == NULL) return; DWORD bytesWritten; WriteFile(m_hParentWrite, input.c_str(), (DWORD)input.size(), &bytesWritten, NULL); FlushFileBuffers(m_hParentWrite); } __declspec(noinline) CStringA BidirectionalPipe::ReadOutput() { CStringA strRet; const int bufMaxChars = 4095; char buffer[bufMaxChars + 10] = { 0 }; DWORD bytesRead; //FlushFileBuffers(m_hChildStdoutWrite); // 第一次读取 if (!ReadFile(m_hParentRead, buffer, bufMaxChars, &bytesRead, NULL) || bytesRead == 0) { return strRet; // 读取失败或无数据 } buffer[bytesRead] = '\0'; strRet = buffer; //// 检查是否读取完所有数据 //if (bytesRead < bufMaxChars) { // return strRet; // 缓冲区未满，说明数据已读完 //} // 缓冲区已满，检查管道内是否还有剩余数据 while (true) { DWORD bytesAvailable = 0; BOOL peekResult = PeekNamedPipe( m_hParentRead, NULL, // 不读取数据，只查询状态 0, // 缓冲区大小为0 NULL, // 读取的字节数 &bytesAvailable, // 可用字节数 NULL // 消息剩余字节数（用于消息模式） ); if (!peekResult || bytesAvailable == 0) { break; // 查询失败或无剩余数据 } // 动态分配缓冲区读取剩余数据（最多读取bufMaxChars字节） DWORD readSize = min(bytesAvailable, (DWORD)bufMaxChars); if (ReadFile(m_hParentRead, buffer, readSize, &bytesRead, NULL) && bytesRead > 0) { buffer[bytesRead] = '\0'; strRet += buffer; // 如果读取的字节数等于缓冲区大小，说明可能还有更多数据 if (bytesRead < readSize) { break; // 数据已读完 } } else { break; // 读取失败 } } return strRet; } void BidirectionalPipe::Terminate() { if (m_pi.hProcess) { ::TerminateProcess(m_pi.hProcess, 0); WaitForSingleObject(m_pi.hProcess, 10000); } } void BidirectionalPipe::Cleanup() { if (m_hChildStdinRead) { CloseHandle(m_hChildStdinRead); m_hChildStdinRead = 0; } if (m_hParentWrite) { CloseHandle(m_hParentWrite); m_hParentWrite = 0; } if (m_hParentRead) { CloseHandle(m_hParentRead); m_hParentRead = 0; } if (m_hChildStdoutWrite) { CloseHandle(m_hChildStdoutWrite); m_hChildStdoutWrite = 0; } if (m_pi.hProcess) { CloseHandle(m_pi.hProcess); m_pi.hProcess = 0; } if (m_pi.hThread) { CloseHandle(m_pi.hThread); m_pi.hThread = 0; } if (m_lpAttributeList) { MyDeleteProcThreadAttributeList(m_lpAttributeList); HeapFree(GetProcessHeap(), 0, m_lpAttributeList); m_lpAttributeList = 0; } if (m_hPC) { MyClosePseudoConsole(m_hPC); m_hPC = 0; } } ///////////////////////////////////Header///////////////////////////// #pragma once typedef void* HPCON; class BidirectionalPipe { private: HANDLE m_hChildStdinRead = NULL; HANDLE m_hParentWrite = NULL; HANDLE m_hParentRead = NULL; HANDLE m_hChildStdoutWrite = NULL; PROCESS_INFORMATION m_pi = { 0 }; LPPROC_THREAD_ATTRIBUTE_LIST m_lpAttributeList = 0; HPCON m_hPC = 0; public: ~BidirectionalPipe(); bool StartProcess(bool bPsConsole, const std::wstring& command); void WriteInput(const std::string& input); CStringA ReadOutput(); void Terminate(); private: void Cleanup(); };

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