利用DeepSeek辅助PuLP求解Advent of Code 2025第10题 电子工厂 第2部分

原题地址 。

前面，DeepSeek用numpy的线性规划没有解答完成。听张泽鹏先生说他用PuLP这个库整数规划解决了。今天也让DeepSeek编一个。

请用PuLP这个库整数规划解决电压按钮问题，不做别的

他给出了如下程序

importreimportpulpdefparse_line_part2(line):"""解析一行数据，返回电压要求和按钮列表（第二部分）"""# 匹配大括号部分match_brace=re.search(r'\{([^}]+)\}',line)ifnotmatch_brace:returnNone,None# 解析电压要求joltage_str=match_brace.group(1)target=[int(x.strip())forxinjoltage_str.split(',')]# 匹配所有圆括号部分buttons=[]pattern=r'\(([^)]+)\)'matches=re.findall(pattern,line)formatchinmatches:# 解析圆括号内的数字nums=[int(x.strip())forxinmatch.split(',')]buttons.append(nums)returntarget,buttonsdefsolve_machine_pulp(target,buttons):"""使用PuLP整数规划求解单个机器的电压配置问题"""n_counters=len(target)n_buttons=len(buttons)# 创建整数规划问题prob=pulp.LpProblem("ButtonPresses",pulp.LpMinimize)# 创建决策变量（每个按钮的按压次数，非负整数）x=pulp.LpVariable.dicts('x',range(n_buttons),lowBound=0,cat='Integer')# 目标函数：最小化总按压次数prob+=pulp.lpSum([x[i]foriinrange(n_buttons)])# 约束条件：每个计数器的总增加量必须等于目标值forcounterinrange(n_counters):# 计算影响该计数器的所有按钮的总贡献total_effect=pulp.lpSum([x[btn_idx]forbtn_idxinrange(n_buttons)ifcounterinbuttons[btn_idx]])prob+=total_effect==target[counter],f"Counter_{counter}_Constraint"# 求解问题prob.solve(pulp.PULP_CBC_CMD(msg=False))# 检查求解状态ifpulp.LpStatus[prob.status]=='Optimal':# 提取解presses_list=[int(pulp.value(x[i]))foriinrange(n_buttons)]total_presses=sum(presses_list)returntotal_presses,presses_list,"求解成功"elifpulp.LpStatus[prob.status]=='Infeasible':return-1,None,"无可行解"else:return-1,None,f"求解失败:{pulp.LpStatus[prob.status]}"defvalidate_solution(target,buttons,presses_list):"""验证解是否正确"""ifpresses_listisNone:returnFalse,Nonem=len(target)current=[0]*mforj,press_countinenumerate(presses_list):ifpress_count>0:foridxinbuttons[j]:current[idx]+=press_countreturncurrent==target,currentdefmain():total_presses=0success_count=0fail_count=0# 读取输入文件withopen('2510-input.txt','r')asf:lines=f.read().strip().splitlines()fori,lineinenumerate(lines):target,buttons=parse_line_part2(line)iftargetisNoneornotbuttons:continuemin_presses,presses_list,message=solve_machine_pulp(target,buttons)ifmin_presses>=0:# 验证解is_valid,calculated=validate_solution(target,buttons,presses_list)ifis_valid:print(f"机器{i+1}:{min_presses}次按压 ({message})")print(f" 按钮按压次数:{presses_list}")print(f" 验证通过:{calculated}=={target}")total_presses+=min_presses success_count+=1else:print(f"机器{i+1}: 验证失败! ({message})")print(f" 尝试解:{presses_list}")print(f" 计算值:{calculated}!= 目标值:{target}")fail_count+=1else:print(f"机器{i+1}: 求解失败 ({message})")fail_count+=1print(f"\n总结:")print(f"成功求解:{success_count}台机器")print(f"失败:{fail_count}台机器")print(f"总最少按压次数:{total_presses}")returntotal_pressesif__name__=="__main__":main()

安装pulp

python3 pip.pyz install pulp --break-system-packages -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple

执行

time python3 2510pulp.txt >2510pulp-res.txt real 0m0.783s user 0m0.224s sys 0m0.056s cat 2510pulp-res.txt ... 机器 194: 69 次按压 (求解成功) 按钮按压次数: [0, 16, 25, 25, 1, 2] 验证通过: [41, 51, 41, 43] == [41, 51, 41, 43] 机器 195: 37 次按压 (求解成功) 按钮按压次数: [20, 8, 9] 验证通过: [29, 8, 37, 28, 37] == [29, 8, 37, 28, 37] 总结: 成功求解: 195 台机器 失败: 0 台机器

看来问DeepSeek问题不但要说清楚需求，还要说对工具。