步骤一：# 备份现有的 yum 源配置文件
sudo cp /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.backup
步骤二：#配置清华源
sudo tee /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo << 'EOF' # CentOS-Base.repo # # The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the # update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and # geographically close to the client. You should use this for CentOS updates # unless you are manually picking other mirrors. # # If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the # remarked out baseurl= line instead. # [base] name=CentOS-$releasever - Base baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos-vault/7.9.2009/os/$basearch/ #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=os gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos-vault/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7 #released updates [updates] name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos-vault/7.9.2009/updates/$basearch/ #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=updates gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos-vault/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7 #additional packages that may be useful [extras] name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos-vault/7.9.2009/extras/$basearch/ #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=extras gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos-vault/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7 #additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages [centosplus] name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos-vault/7.9.2009/centosplus/$basearch/ #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus gpgcheck=1 enabled=0 gpgkey=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos-vault/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7 EOF
步骤三：清理并重建 yum 缓存
# 清理所有 yum 缓存 sudo yum clean all sudo rm -rf /var/cache/yum # 重建 yum 缓存 sudo yum makecache # 测试 yum 是否正常工作 sudo yum check-update
步骤四：安装 PostgreSQL 15
# 1. 添加 PostgreSQL 官方仓库 sudo tee /etc/yum.repos.d/pgdg.repo << 'EOF' [pgdg15] name=PostgreSQL 15 for RHEL/CentOS 7 - $basearch baseurl=https://download.postgresql.org/pub/repos/yum/15/redhat/rhel-7-$basearch enabled=1 gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=https://download.postgresql.org/pub/repos/yum/RPM-GPG-KEY-PGDG-15 EOF # 2. 更新缓存并安装 sudo yum makecache sudo yum install -y postgresql15-server postgresql15-contrib # 如果上面的官方源下载慢，可以使用国内镜像 sudo sed -i 's|https://download.postgresql.org/pub/repos/yum/15/redhat/rhel-7-$basearch|https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/postgresql/repos/yum/15/redhat/rhel-7-$basearch|g' /etc/yum.repos.d/pgdg.repo
步骤五：初始化和配置 PostgreSQL
# 1. 初始化数据库 sudo /usr/pgsql-15/bin/postgresql-15-setup initdb # 2. 启动 PostgreSQL 服务 sudo systemctl start postgresql-15 # 3. 设置开机自启 sudo systemctl enable postgresql-15 # 4. 查看服务状态 sudo systemctl status postgresql-15 # 5. 修改 postgres 用户密码 sudo -u postgres psql -c "ALTER USER postgres WITH PASSWORD 'YourNewPassword123';" # 6. 允许远程连接（可选） # 修改配置文件 sudo vi /var/lib/pgsql/15/data/postgresql.conf # 找到 listen_addresses，修改为：listen_addresses = '*' # 修改认证配置 sudo vi /var/lib/pgsql/15/data/pg_hba.conf # 在文件末尾添加： # host all all 0.0.0.0/0 md5 # 7. 重启 PostgreSQL 使配置生效 sudo systemctl restart postgresql-15 # 8. 配置防火墙（如果需要） sudo firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=5432/tcp sudo firewall-cmd --reload
验证安装
# 检查 PostgreSQL 版本 sudo -u postgres psql --version # 登录 PostgreSQL sudo -u postgres psql # 在 psql 命令行中执行： \conninfo \l # 列出数据库 \q # 退出
